Legal Hurdles so with the 'Credentialing Process [Rule 29) of UN.Will there be Likelihood of Success for OIC.

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

The Collective Voice of The Muslim World

The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has focused on several key strategies:

Suspension and Sanctions: The OIC has recently reiterated calls to suspend Israel’s membership in the United Nations.The Muslim world's efforts to mitigate the crisis involving Israel and the United States center on a combination of high-level diplomatic pressure, calls for economic leverage, and persistent demands for a ceasefire and a two-state solution. The Current Diplomatic Efforts & Direct Action of Muslim-majority nations and international bodies like the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) have focused on several key strategies:

Suspension and Sanctions: The OIC has recently reiterated calls to suspend Israel’s membership in the United Nations.

Diplomatic Recalls: At least 11 nations, including Jordan, Turkey, and Bahrain, have recalled their ambassadors or severed ties entirely as a form of protest against Israeli military operations.

Joint Summits: Leaders from the Arab League and OIC have held emergency meetings to present a united front, recently demanding an immediate ceasefire and unhindered humanitarian aid during discussions at the UN General Assembly.

Leveraging Influence: Proposals for Mitigation

Islamic leaders and scholars within the U.S. and globally have urged Muslim nations to use more aggressive "concrete actions" to pressure the U.S. and Israel, including; 

Economic Embargoes Calls for oil and gas embargoes to leverage the energy dependence of Western nations. Severing ties and urging nations that signed the Abraham Accords (such as the UAE and Bahrain) to cut economic, military, and intelligence ties. Military Airspace Bans proposals to block the use of airspace and military facilities for any operations supporting Israeli actions.

The Obvious Provocateur.  Regional Escalation by the Zionist State of Israel.

The Key Issue is the direct confrontation from the Zionist state of Israel, and recent "pre-emptive strikes" by Israel and retaliatory warnings from Iran have significantly heightened fears of a broader regional war, with the U.S. providing strategic support to Israel.

A more direct, military-aligned form of mitigation is led by Iran and its allies (the "Axis of Resistance"). Asymmetric Pressure - Iran utilizes non-state actors like Hezbollah (Lebanon), the Houthis (Yemen), and Hamas to project power and create a multi-front challenge for Israel and the U.S. 

Key Obstacles to a Unified Response

However, despite the rhetoric, several factors complicate a cohesive "Muslim world" response, such as internal divisions where some nations, like the UAE, maintain diplomatic relations for strategic and economic reasons, even while criticizing specific Israeli policies.

The most uncohesive of U.S. Alliance Dependencies, many Arab states balance their support for Palestine with their defense treaties and security architectures built with the United States.

The growing critics argue that bodies like the OIC are "strong on rhetoric but short on serious, tangible action," often limited to issuing condemnations rather than enforcing collective sanctions. The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and the broader Arab-Islamic bloc have significantly intensified their efforts to suspend Israel’s membership in the United Nations. This push reached a peak in late 2025 and continues into 2026, driven by what member states characterize as "genocidal actions" and "flagrant violations" of international law.

Nature and Scale of Current Efforts.

The effort is a coordinated, multilateral campaign involving high-level diplomatic sessions and formal resolutions.

Extraordinary Arab-Islamic Summits: In September 2025, an emergency summit in Doha adopted a final communiqué where member states of the OIC and the Arab League officially announced their intention to coordinate efforts to suspend Israel's UN membership. This followed a similar call from the Riyadh-held Extraordinary Arab and Islamic Summit in November 2024, which urged for a freeze on Israel's membership.

Persistent Diplomatic Pressure: As of early 2026, the OIC General Secretariat continues to reiterate its call for suspension, citing Israel's persistent "unlawful practices of displacement, settlement, annexation," and attempts to impose sovereignty over occupied Palestinian territory.

Individual State Leadership: Countries like Malaysia and Pakistan have been vocal proponents. Malaysia’s Foreign Minister plans to renew the appeal publicly at the UN General Assembly (UNGA) in September 2026. Pakistan, currently a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council (UNSC), has reiterated the OIC's call and urged member states to consider "other appropriate measures".

Likelihood of Success and Legal Hurdles

While the effort has significant political momentum within the OIC and the Global South, it faces substantial legal and geopolitical barriers.

Mechanism Success Rate / Likelihood Primary Obstacle

UN Charter (Articles 5 & 6) Highly Unlikely Under the UN Charter, suspending or expelling a member state requires a recommendation from the Security Council followed by a vote in the General Assembly. The United States has a permanent veto on the UNSC and maintains "ironclad support" for Israel, making a formal recommendation almost inconceivable.

Credentialing Process (Rule 29) Potential "Interim" Option There is a proposed alternative to challenge Israel’s credentials within the UNGA. This mechanism, successfully used against Apartheid-era South Africa, would theoretically allow the Assembly to suspend Israel’s participation in GA sessions without a Security Council vote.

General Assembly Resolutions High Success in Adoption The UNGA frequently adopts resolutions against Israel by large majorities. In 2025 alone, the GA adopted at least 15 resolutions regarding Israel, often with over 140 "Yes" votes.

Major Deterrents and Counter-Arguments

The success of these efforts is further complicated by several factors:

Geopolitical Fractures: Some analysts view the push for suspension as "one-sided" and argue it ignores the actions of other regional actors, such as Hamas or Iran.

Deadline Defiance: A previous UNGA resolution set September 2025 as the deadline for Israel to end its "unlawful occupation" following an ICJ advisory opinion; however, Israel has not complied, leading to calls for more "resolute action" rather than just "lip service".

Strategic Partners: Key world powers, including the U.S. and the UK, have consistently voiced dissent against measures they believe undercut Israel's security or fail to condemn Hamas.

The "credentialing process" refers to a procedural mechanism within the UN General Assembly (UNGA) that can effectively bar a state from participating in sessions without formally expelling them from the UN. This bypasses the Security Council veto required for formal suspension or expulsion under Articles 5 and 6 of the UN Charter.

How the South Africa Precedent Worked

Between 1970 and 1974, the UNGA used its Rules of Procedure to challenge the legitimacy of the South African delegation.

Rejection of Credentials (Rule 28): Each year, the Credentials Committee (9 members) reviews the "credentials" (official documents) of delegations. Starting in 1970, the UNGA began rejecting South Africa’s credentials because the government did not represent the majority of its people due to apartheid.

The Bouteflika Ruling (1974): Initially, rejection was seen as a "symbolic warning" that did not stop participation. However, in 1974, UNGA President Abdelaziz Bouteflika (Algeria) ruled that since the Assembly had consistently rejected the delegation's credentials, it meant they could no longer participate in the session.

Impact of the Ruling: This decision was upheld by a vote of 91 to 22. South Africa remained a member of the UN but was barred from taking its seat, speaking, or voting in the General Assembly until 1994.

Application to Israel Today

The OIC and legal scholars have proposed using this same "interim" tactic against Israel.

Legal Rationale: Proponents argue that Israel’s persistent disregard for International Court of Justice (ICJ) advisory opinions and Security Council resolutions provides a legal basis to challenge the "representativeness" and legitimacy of its current government at the UN.

The "Workaround" Advantage: Because this is a procedural matter of the General Assembly, it cannot be vetoed by the United States in the Security Council.

Success Factors:

Timing: Credentials are reviewed at the start of each regular session (typically September).

Political Will: While the OIC supports this, many states fear setting a precedent where any government’s credentials could be challenged based on its policies rather than just the authenticity of its paperwork.

Joe Boyle

References:/Notes

https://www.nytimes.com/1974/11/13/archives/south-africa-is-suspended-by-un-assembly-9122-un-session-b

https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/855635/files/A_9779-EN.pdf

https://www.un.org/en/ga/about/ropga/credentials.shtml#:~:text=Submission%20of%20credentials:%20Rule%2027,Assembly%20has%20given%20its%20decision.

Police Nab Student for Provocative 3R..

Kuantan February 25,

Police today detained a student of the University  Malaysia Pahang Al Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA) on suspicion of uploading social media content touching on issues of religion, race, and the royal Institutions.

readmore: 

Dr Sam - Preferred, Prime Minister. (English)

Frankly, it is very unfair to judge Dr. Shamsuri's ability to lead the country, as a person with many shortcomings, even when listening to the comments of a few professors, with knowledge of national politics. These Professors ... who commented on his authority as if there was a weighing of values ​​that sometimes brought laughter - why so Jurassic your mentality? Shame on you...an uncalled form of comments, ever heard, to look down upon Dr. Sam is a profound display of "under the shell mentality - "katak bawah tempurung". So with the subtle labelling of PAS as a fanatic, religiously political entity. Enough of stereotyping PAS for not being progressive and religiously conservative. Do explore the facts and get out, Mr. Professors, from your cave mentality. Just to ponder: take time to read the yearly indicator of 500 Muslims leaders, and many more are from an Islamist background. The most notable among them is the Islamic leader, Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (c. 680–720), or Umar II, who was the eighth Umayyad caliph (717–720) known for his extreme piety, justice, and swift, sweeping reforms that brought unprecedented stability and prosperity to the empire. Often called the "fifth rightly guided caliph," he reversed Umayyad excesses by living simply, reforming taxation, and fostering religious tolerance

For me, Dr. Sam is the best choice for the future of Malaysia. Honestly, among the political leaders in Malaysia. From what I see, Dr. Sam has the most rounded personality to lead the nation. Apart from his own leadership characteristics, Terengganu also ranks 5th in GNP among the states in Malaysia. Frankly, his leadership authority and dedication are something that comes "naturally" with his decades in the aerospace engineering sector. If you want to compare with KJ and RR, DR. Sam is far ahead in all aspects of leadership. Dr. Sam's leadership decorum is far superior to that of almost all Malaysian politicians. No way on any forms of comparative personality, RR and KJ both do not have the genuine acumen of a good, wise, and premier decorum. Maybe in the next 2 decades. Dr. Sam is much preferred. His full biography is as follows: 

Ahmad Samsuri bin Mokhtar (Jawi: احمد سمسوري بن مختر; born 16 November 1970) is a Malaysian politician, aerospace engineer, and lecturer who has served as the 15th Menteri Besar of Terengganu, Member of the Terengganu State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Ru Rendang since May 2018, Member of Parliament (MP) for Kemaman since December 2023, and Group Chairman for Terengganu Incorporated (TI Group).[2] He held a brief stint as the 18th Leader of the Opposition from May to June 2026 before being succeeded by Hamzah Zainudin during the RESET Malaysia Convention.[3] He is a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition. He has served as the 2nd Chairman of PN since February 2026 and the Vice President of PAS since June 2019

Ahmad Samsuri was born in Jerteh, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia, on 16 November 1970. He went to Sekolah Menengah Sains Sultan Mahmud, Kuala Terengganu from 1983 until 1988.[8] He received a BEng (Hons) in Mechanical and Materials Engineering from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia in 1993,[8] a Master of Science in Combustion and Energy from the Center for Combustion Studies, University of Leeds in 1996,[9] and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Aeroengine Ignition and Combustion, High Altitude Engine Failure from the School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds in 2001

Ahmad Samsuri is an aerospace engineer by profession. Prior to his involvement in politics, he previously worked as a Quality Assurance (QA) engineer for Hitachi Consumer Products in 1993-1994, as a research officer in the Faculty of Engineering, USM in 1994-1995, as the head of department (HOD) of the Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UPM in 2003-2008, where he also served as a lecturer (2001–2006) and an associate professor (2003–2008) for UNISEL.

Political analysis writers talk about the "Leadership Issue" being increasingly defined by influence, impact, and capability rather than by hierarchy or formal tenure. While traditional organizational structures rely on top-down authority, modern leadership often operates as a network where individuals at any level—regardless of age—can lead by connecting with others, fostering collaboration, and driving change. Is the existing leadership really that great? I don't even feel like commenting.

Open-minded in the analysis of how effective leadership goes beyond hierarchy and why young leaders can be so effective, the equity of Influence vs. Authority. Effective leaders generate impact through personal credibility, communication, and trust, rather than relying solely on the power vested in a position. As is the case today, there is power - I love it!!

Modern organizations are increasingly seen as “lattices” rather than “ladders,” allowing leadership to flow horizontally and across functions, rather than just up and down. Shared responsibilities and leadership roles are fluid, changing according to projects or specific expertise required, which encourages faster decision-making and innovation.

Young leaders, in particular, often bring attributes that challenge conventional approaches and bring significant value to an organization. Young leaders often bring fresh perspectives and are quicker to adopt new technologies, methodologies, and trends. Younger generations are often highly motivated by a sense of purpose and “making an impact,” which can enhance employee engagement and organizational culture.

Active Collaboration: Rather than working in isolation, young leaders often prioritize transparent communication and, in many cases, are more accessible to their teams than their traditional predecessors, often exhibiting high energy and a willingness to challenge the status quo.

Leadership effectiveness often goes beyond conventional expectations by focusing on: Servant Leadership. Shifting from “what can you do to help me” to “what can I do to help you” builds trust and empowers teams.

The best leaders don’t just create followers; they nurture and empower their team members to take ownership and lead themselves. While effective, young leaders face different challenges that organizations must address: The pressure to prove themselves can cause young leaders to choose to commit.

Dr. Sam, at an energetic age, may face skepticism from older colleagues, requiring them to build credibility through demonstrated results.

Effective leadership is a behavioral competency that can be developed, not just a career stage. As organizations face rapid change, the ability to nurture, empower, and support other leaders—regardless of their age or position—is essential to the long-term success of nation-building.  Dr. Sam - Preferred.

Joe Boyle.

Akhir-akhir ini, terdapat banyak podcast dan pelbagai bentuk polemik, terutamanya di media sosial.

 

Menunjukan dan menzahirkan kebencian terhadap Muslim dan Islam.

Assalamualaikum, umat Islam telah menghadapi penindasan berterusan sepanjang sejarah dan pada masa kini dalam pelbagai bentuk, daripada penganiayaan awal dan pembunuhan beramai-ramai berskala besar kepada diskriminasi kontemporari dan Islamofobia sistemik. Walaupun begitu, ramai dalam masyarakat mendapati kekuatan dalam iman mereka, ikatan komuniti, dan advokasi untuk keadilan, mempercayai janji illahi bahawa kebenaran (Islam) akhirnya akan menang.

Bentuk Penindasan Sejarah dan Kontemporari;

Penganiayaan Awal: Pada zaman awal Islam di Makkah, Nabi Muhammad  dan pengikutnya menghadapi penganiayaan yang teruk, termasuk penyeksaan fizikal, boikot ekonomi, dan pengasingan sosial oleh puak Quraisy yang memerintah. Para syuhada pertama dalam Islam, seperti Sumayya binti Khabbab dan suaminya Yasir, dibunuh kerana iman mereka.

Pembunuhan Bersejarah dan Pemakaman Secara Paksa: Sepanjang sejarah, umat Islam telah menjadi sasaran pembunuhan beramai-ramai dan pemakaman secara paksa, seperti semasa Inkuisisi Sepanyol atau konflik mazhab tertentu.

Krisis Hak Asasi Manusia Zaman Moden: Situasi kontemporari melibatkan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang teruk, termasuk apa yang dianggap oleh kerajaan banyak negara, dan kumpulan hak asasi manusia sebagai pembunuhan beramai-ramai yang berterusan terhadap Muslim Palestina, Rohingya di Myanmar dan Muslim Uyghur di China. 

Islamofobia Sistemik dan Interpersonal: Dalam masyarakat majoriti Barat dan bukan Islam, umat Islam mengalami prejudis yang meluas, yang menjelma sebagai jenayah kebencian, diskriminasi dalam pekerjaan dan pendidikan, dan gambaran negatif media. Wanita Islam, terutamanya mereka yang memakai hijab, sering menghadapi Islamofobia gender.

[Gambar di atas, salah satu bentuk "Islamophobic" keatas umat Islam dengan mengunakan gambar Perdana Mentri Jepun dengan kenyataan yang diragukan. Ini dilakukan olih seorang bangsa Cina atau pertubuhan China254 Entertaiment.]

Ketahanan dan Kebangkitan Kebenaran

Dalam menghadapi cabaran ini, komuniti Islam telah menunjukkan daya tahan yang ketara dan menggunakan pelbagai strategi untuk mengekalkan kepercayaan mereka dan memberi penerangan tentang kebenaran:

Kekuatan dan Keimanan Dalaman: Ramai umat Islam mendapat kekuatan daripada kepercayaan mereka melalui amalan kerohanian seperti sabr (kesabaran), tawakkal (kepercayaan kepada Tuhan), dan doa untuk menghadapi kesukaran. Al-Quran memberi jaminan kepada orang yang beriman bahawa tiada penindasan yang dapat memusnahkan Islam dan kebenaran akan mengatasi kepalsuan.

Komuniti dan Advokasi: Membina rangkaian sokongan yang kukuh melalui pusat Islam dan organisasi komuniti membantu memerangi pengasingan sosial dan menyediakan ruang untuk pengalaman bersama. Organisasi seperti Majlis Hubungan Amerika-Islam terlibat dalam advokasi undang-undang dan kempen kesedaran awam untuk mencabar diskriminasi dan menggalakkan pemahaman Islam yang lebih tepat.

Pendidikan dan Dialog: Pendidikan dan dialog antara agama dilihat sebagai alat penting untuk mencabar maklumat salah, memecahkan stereotaip dan memupuk masyarakat yang lebih inklusif.

[Protest on Muslim migration in many European Countries]

Perwakilan Positif: Menonjolkan sumbangan positif umat Islam kepada masyarakat dalam pelbagai bidang membantu mengatasi naratif media negatif dan memberi inspirasi kepada generasi muda.

Keyakinan bahawa "cahaya Allah tidak akan pernah padam" dan bahawa Islam akhirnya akan memimpin dengan kebenaran memberikan sumber harapan dan motivasi yang kuat untuk ramai umat Islam dalam perjuangan mereka yang berterusan.

Bahasa Arab berasal daripada keluarga bahasa Semitik dan berkembang melalui peringkat dari zaman pra-Islam, dikodifikasikan sebagai Bahasa Arab Klasik selepas kedatangan Islam untuk memelihara Al-Quran. Bahasa Arab Klasik ialah bahasa Al-Quran dan kesusasteraan Islam awal, dan kajian komprehensif boleh didapati dalam PDF yang tersedia melalui laman akademik seperti ResearchGate dan Academia.edu.

Asal usul dan perkembangan

Rumah Semitik: Bahasa Arab merupakan ahli keluarga bahasa Afro-Asia, dengan keturunannya bermula sejak Proto-Semitik.

Era Pra-Islam: Sebelum Islam, bahasa Arab terutamanya merupakan bahasa puisi lisan, dengan beberapa bukti bertulis yang ditemui dalam inskripsi.

Pengaruh Islam: Penurunan al-Quran pada abad ke-7 Masihi merupakan peristiwa penting, menyeragamkan bahasa tersebut dan memberikannya status suci.

Kodifikasi: Keperluan untuk memelihara al-Quran membawa kepada perkembangan tatabahasa Arab (nahw) oleh tokoh-tokoh seperti Abu al-Aswad al-Duali, yang ditugaskan oleh Khalifah Ali.

Bahasa Arab Klasik

Definisi: Bahasa Arab Klasik ialah versi formal bahasa tersebut seperti yang terdapat dalam al-Quran dan dalam kesusasteraan zaman awal Islam (kira-kira abad ke-7 hingga ke-9 Masihi).

Kepentingan: Ia berfungsi sebagai asas bagi teks agama dan sekular semasa Zaman Kegemilangan Islam.

Bentuk moden: Bahasa Arab Piawai Moden (MSA) ialah keturunan langsung daripada Bahasa Arab Klasik, yang digunakan hari ini dalam penulisan formal, berita dan komunikasi rasmi.

Di mana untuk mendapatkan maklumat lanjut (PDF)

ResearchGate: Cari penerbitan seperti "Kisah Bahasa Arab: Kajian Linguistik Sejarah" untuk catatan sejarah yang terperinci.

Academia.edu: Cari kertas kerja seperti "Sejarah Bahasa Arab" untuk gambaran keseluruhan evolusinya yang komprehensif.

DSpace@MIT: Terokai penyelidikan akademik, seperti kertas kerja "Mengkaji sejarah bahasa Arab," yang menggunakan komputer kaedah nasional untuk

Key efforts and initiatives by Malaysian Government post-civil war Bosnia Herzagovina Re- Development.

Usaha dan inisiatif utama oleh Kerajaan Malaysia pasca perang saudara Pembangunan Semula Bosnia Herzagovina.

[Pembunuhan Beramai-ramai [Genosidal] Umat Islam Sarajevo-Bosnia -olih Pakatan Serbia/Croatia-Perang Saudara - Apabila runtuh kesatuan Yugoslavia Pimpinan General Tito, bila runtunya Kesatuan USSR -Soviet Union]

[Kemusnahan Kotaraya - Sarajevo -Perang Saudara Yugoslavia]

English

Key efforts and initiatives by the Malaysian Government post-civil war Bosnia Herzagovina Re- Development

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, Malaysia played a significant and proactive role in assisting Bosnia and Herzegovina both during and immediately after the Bosnian War (1992–1995), concerned with western nation providing no support for postwar recovery for the city of  Sarajevo and the Bosniak Muslim community. Mahathir's efforts were driven by a sense of duty to help fellow Muslims, outrage at the inaction of Western powers, and a desire to uphold human rights, leading to substantial political, financial, and rebuilding support.

Key efforts and initiatives by Malaysia post-civil war included:

Long-Term Military Support and Security: After the 1995 Dayton Agreement, Malaysia continued its support by transitioning its peacekeepers (MALBATT) into the NATO-led IFOR (Implementation Force) and SFOR (Stabilization Force) to help maintain peace. Malaysia helped train the Bosnian armed forces to ensure they could secure their own country's peace and stability.

Financial and Economic Reconstruction: Malaysia contributed to rebuilding infrastructure, including building schools and mosques. In 2001, Malaysia supported a $20-million joint investment project in Sarajevo (Bosmal D.O.O.) for a multi-storey commercial and residential complex.

Humanitarian and Educational Support: Malaysia supported the reconstruction of Bosnia through the donation of funds, and through the 1990s and early 2000s, provided opportunities for education. Bosnian students and professionals who had taken refuge in Malaysia during the war returned home with English proficiency and computer skills, helping them secure jobs in international organizations aiding reconstruction.

Diplomatic and Political Advocacy: Mahathir continued to act as a strong advocate for Bosnia on the international stage, pushing for the rights of Bosniaks and lobbying for foreign investment in the newly independent country.

Honoring the Efforts: Due to the immense support from Malaysia and Mahathir, a monument of gratitude to Mahathir Mohamad was unveiled in Sarajevo in 2020.

Background on wartime support (pre-1995):

Before the war ended, Mahathir sent Malaysian soldiers to join UN Peacekeeping Operations. Malaysia also opened its doors to Bosnian refugees, accepting them without visas during the conflict.

Note: The primary sources of information regarding Malaysia's support during this period indicate that the effort to aid Bosnia was strongly pushed by Mahathir as part of an active foreign policy, often criticizing the UN and Western powers for their inaction.

Malaysia and Bosnia and Herzegovina maintain strong bilateral relations, characterized by economic cooperation, investment projects, and historical support from Malaysia in the reconstruction of Bosnia. Key areas of collaboration include trade, investment, defence, and the halal sector. 

Key Projects and Economic Cooperation

Investments: Malaysian investments in Bosnia and Herzegovina exceeded RM160 million as of early 2024, focused on sectors like property development, hotels, and restaurants.

Malaysian-Bosnian Joint Project (Bosmal): Bank Islam (Labuan) Ltd has previously provided significant loans for construction projects, including the Bosmal City Centre in Sarajevo.

Halal and Agriculture: Both countries cooperate closely in the agricultural and halal sectors, with three Malaysian Islamic banks operating in Bosnia since 2010.

Infrastructure: Malaysia has shown readiness to participate in infrastructure, energy, and business networking projects, as highlighted in 2019.

Business Council: The Malaysia-Bosnia and Herzegovina Business Council (MBBC) was launched in 2014 to enhance economic ties and strengthen business links. 

Diplomatic and Historical Cooperation

Defence and Training: Since 2003, Bosnia has participated in the Malaysian Defence Cooperation Programme, with 82 personnel trained by 2009 in areas like UN peacekeeping, logistics, and law.

International Support: Malaysia was a strong supporter of Bosnia-Herzegovina during the conflict in the 1990s, actively opposing the UN and Western policies.

Tourism: The Embassy of Malaysia in Sarajevo has actively worked to boost tourism links, preparing for the Visit Malaysia Year 2026.

Visa Policy: Citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina do not require a visa to enter Malaysia for tourism purposes for up to 3 months. 

Recent Developments

2024 Forum: The Malaysia-Bosnia and Herzegovina International Business Forum 2024 was organized to strengthen economic partnerships.

Trade Growth: Bilateral trade between the two nations increased by 32.2% in 2023.

Diplomatic Support: Malaysia has historically provided strong diplomatic support, with Bosnian citizens often viewing Malaysia as a key friend. 

Bahasa Melayu:[Translation]

Usaha dan inisiatif utama oleh Kerajaan Malaysia pasca perang saudara. Pembangunan Semula Bosnia Herzagovina.

Di bawah kepimpinan Perdana Menteri Mahathir Mohamad, Malaysia memainkan peranan penting dan proaktif dalam membantu Bosnia dan Herzegovina semasa dan sejurus selepas Perang Bosnia (1992–1995), bertindak sebagai pemula untuk komuniti Muslim Bosniak. Usaha Mahathir didorong oleh rasa tanggungjawab untuk membantu sesama Muslim, kemarahan terhadap ketidakaktifan kuasa Barat, dan keinginan untuk menegakkan hak asasi manusia, yang membawa kepada sokongan politik, kewangan dan pembangunan semula yang besar.

Usaha dan inisiatif utama oleh Malaysia pasca perang saudara termasuk:

Sokongan dan Keselamatan Ketenteraan Jangka Panjang: Selepas Perjanjian Dayton 1995, Malaysia meneruskan sokongannya dengan memindahkan pasukan pengamannya (MALBATT) kepada IFOR (Pasukan Pelaksanaan) dan SFOR (Pasukan Penstabilan) yang diketuai NATO untuk membantu mengekalkan keamanan. Malaysia membantu melatih angkatan tentera Bosnia bagi memastikan mereka dapat menjamin keamanan dan kestabilan negara mereka sendiri.

Pembinaan Semula Kewangan dan Ekonomi: Malaysia menyumbang kepada pembinaan semula infrastruktur, termasuk membina sekolah dan masjid. Pada tahun 2001, Malaysia menyokong projek pelaburan bersama bernilai $20 juta di Sarajevo (Bosmal D.O.O.) untuk kompleks komersial dan kediaman bertingkat.

Sokongan Kemanusiaan dan Pendidikan: Malaysia menyokong pembinaan semula Bosnia melalui sumbangan dana, dan sepanjang tahun 1990-an dan awal 2000-an, menyediakan peluang untuk pendidikan. Pelajar dan profesional Bosnia yang telah berlindung di Malaysia semasa perang pulang ke tanah air dengan kemahiran Bahasa Inggeris dan komputer, membantu mereka mendapatkan pekerjaan dalam organisasi antarabangsa yang membantu pembinaan semula.

Advokasi Diplomatik dan Politik: Mahathir terus bertindak sebagai penyokong kuat untuk Bosnia di pentas antarabangsa, memperjuangkan hak-hak Bosniak dan melobi pelaburan asing di negara yang baru merdeka itu.

Menghormati Usaha-usaha tersebut: Disebabkan sokongan yang besar daripada Malaysia dan Mahathir, sebuah monumen penghargaan kepada Mahathir Mohamad telah dirasmikan di Sarajevo pada tahun 2020.

Latar belakang sokongan masa perang (sebelum 1995):

Sebelum perang tamat, Mahathir menghantar tentera Malaysia untuk menyertai Operasi Pengaman PBB. Malaysia juga membuka pintunya kepada pelarian Bosnia, menerima mereka tanpa visa semasa konflik.

Nota: Sumber maklumat utama mengenai sokongan Malaysia dalam tempoh ini menunjukkan bahawa usaha untuk membantu Bosnia telah didorong oleh Mahathir sebagai sebahagian daripada dasar luar yang aktif, sering mengkritik PBB dan kuasa Barat kerana tidak bertindak.

Jambatan Persabatan - Sumbangan Malaysia:

The Malaysian - Bosnian and Herzegovinian FriendshipBridge.
The Bridge of Sarajevo

Jambatan Persahabatan Malaysia-Bosnia dan Herzegovina, juga dikenali sebagai Malezijski Most dan Bosmalov Most, ialah sebuah jambatan yang merentasi Sungai Miljacka antara kawasan kejiranan Sarajevo, Čengić Vila dan Hrasno.

Ia juga menghubungkan salah satu jalan utama di bandar ini, Bulevar Meše Selimovića, dengan Jalan Gradačačka dan Pusat Bandar Bosmal.

Jambatan ini melambangkan persahabatan antara Malaysia dan Bosnia dan Herzegovina dan dibuka pada 31 Mei 2005 oleh bekas Perdana Menteri Malaysia, Mahathir Mohamad.

Reka bentuk jambatan ini diselia oleh arkitek di Institut IPSA dan didirikan oleh syarikat pembinaan, ŽGP.

Jambatan moden ini mempunyai empat lorong untuk lalu lintas dan dibina selari dengan jambatan pejalan kaki lama, yang dikenali secara tempatan sebagai Treskin Most, yang tidak lagi digunakan.

Malaysia dan Bosnia dan Herzegovina mengekalkan hubungan dua hala yang kukuh, dicirikan oleh kerjasama ekonomi, projek pelaburan dan sokongan sejarah daripada Malaysia dalam pembinaan semula Bosnia. Bidang kerjasama utama termasuk perdagangan, pelaburan, pertahanan dan sektor halal.

Di Bawah Gambar-Gambar:  sebahagian dari projek-projek yang jalan secara kerjasama dengan syarikat syarikat Malaysia.

[Antara Projek-Projek Yang dijayakan dengan Pengusaha2 Malaysia/Bosnia]

[Antara Projek-Projek Yang dijayakan dengan Pengusaha2 Malaysia/Bosnia]

[Antara Projek-Projek Yang dijayakan dengan Pengusaha2 Malaysia/Bosnia]

[Antara Projek-Projek Yang dijayakan dengan Pengusaha2 Malaysia/Bosnia]

Projek Utama dan Kerjasama Ekonomi;

Pelaburan: Pelaburan Malaysia di Bosnia dan Herzegovina melebihi RM160 juta pada awal 2024, tertumpu pada sektor seperti pembangunan hartanah, hotel dan restoran.

Projek Bersama Malaysia-Bosnia (Bosmal): Bank Islam (Labuan) Ltd sebelum ini telah menyediakan pinjaman yang besar untuk projek pembinaan, termasuk Pusat Bandar Bosmal di Sarajevo.

Halal dan Pertanian: Kedua-dua negara bekerjasama rapat dalam sektor pertanian dan halal, dengan tiga bank Islam Malaysia beroperasi di Bosnia sejak 2010.

Infrastruktur: Malaysia telah menunjukkan kesediaan untuk menyertai projek infrastruktur, tenaga dan rangkaian perniagaan, seperti yang diketengahkan pada tahun 2019.

Majlis Perniagaan: Majlis Perniagaan Malaysia-Bosnia dan Herzegovina (MBBC) telah dilancarkan pada tahun 2014 untuk meningkatkan hubungan ekonomi dan mengukuhkan hubungan perniagaan.

Kerjasama Diplomatik dan Sejarah;

Pertahanan dan Latihan: Sejak tahun 2003, Bosnia telah menyertai Program Kerjasama Pertahanan Malaysia, dengan 82 kakitangan dilatih menjelang tahun 2009 dalam bidang seperti pengaman, logistik dan undang-undang PBB.

Sokongan Antarabangsa: Malaysia merupakan penyokong kuat Bosnia-Herzegovina semasa konflik pada tahun 1990-an, secara aktif menentang dasar PBB dan Barat.

Pelancongan: Kedutaan Besar Malaysia di Sarajevo telah giat berusaha untuk meningkatkan hubungan pelancongan, sebagai persediaan untuk Tahun Melawat Malaysia 2026.

Dasar Visa: Warga Bosnia dan Herzegovina tidak memerlukan visa untuk memasuki Malaysia bagi tujuan pelancongan sehingga 3 bulan.

Perkembangan Terkini

Forum 2024: Forum Perniagaan Antarabangsa Malaysia-Bosnia dan Herzegovina 2024 dianjurkan untuk memperkukuh perkongsian ekonomi.

Pertumbuhan Perdagangan: Perdagangan dua hala antara kedua-dua negara meningkat sebanyak 32.2% pada tahun 2023.

Sokongan Diplomatik: Malaysia secara sejarahnya memberikan sokongan diplomatik yang kuat, dengan warga Bosnia sering menganggap Malaysia sebagai rakan utama.

References:

https://sarajevo.travel/en/things-to-do/the-malaysian-bosnian-and-herzegovinian-friendship-bridge/809

https://architectuul.com/architecture/bosmal-city-centrehttps://architectuul.com/architecture/bosmal-city-centre

chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/http://lib.perdana.org.my/PLF/Digital_Content/Prominent_Leaders/Mahathir/News_1968-2004/1996-1998/1996aj/econstructing%20bosnia.pdf

M’sians travelling to India urged to be wary of Nipah virus

 

India’s health ministry had confirmed two cases of Nipah virus in the eastern state of West Bengal. (EPA Images pic)

Cases of Nipah virus infection were first reported in 1998 and have since been reported in Bangladesh, India, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Singapore. The case fatality rate is estimated at 40% to 75%. Fruit bats of the Pteropodidae family are the natural host of the Nipah virus

The High Commission of Malaysia in New Delhi has urged Malaysians travelling to India to take precautions against Nipah virus infection.

The commission advised those visiting areas with reported Nipah virus cases to wear masks in public places and to avoid crowded areas where possible.

Travellers and residents are also urged to maintain strict personal hygiene, including frequent hand-washing, and to avoid consuming unwashed fruits or food that may be contaminated.

“The High Commission will continue to monitor developments closely and provide updates as necessary,” it said in an advisory.

“Malaysian nationals are encouraged to stay informed and follow all recommended precautions in the interest of their health and safety.”

It also cautioned against contact with sick animals or individuals exhibiting symptoms such as fever, headache, cough, or respiratory distress.

India’s health ministry has confirmed two cases of Nipah virus in the eastern state of West Bengal. On Tuesday, it reported that the outbreak had been contained.

The outbreak has prompted authorities in several Asian countries, including Malaysia, to implement screening measures for travellers arriving from India.

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), Nipah virus infection is a zoonotic illness transmitted from animals to humans and can also spread among people through contaminated food or direct human-to-human contact.

The virus typically incubates in the human body for four to 14 days. There is no treatment or vaccine currently available.

Nipah virus usually transmits from infected bats and other animals to humans and can also be transmitted directly between people. There is currently no treatment or vaccine available for Nipah virus, however several candidate products are under development. Early intensive supportive care can improve survival.

Selected Articles on Nipah Virus: Level of Contagiousness and threat to life.

1)The rising threat of Nipah virus: a highly contagious and deadly zoonotic pathogen.

2) Nipah Virus Fact Sheet.

Year-end surge of holidaymakers fills Langkawi hotels.

 Year-end surge of holidaymakers fills Langkawi hotels.

For Malaysia's year-end holidays (Dec 2025 - Jan 2026), Melaka is a fantastic choice for a "santai" (relaxing) family getaway, blending rich history with kid-friendly fun like river cruises, Jonker Street, water parks, and interactive museums, perfect for exploring historical sites and enjoying diverse food without long travel, offering cultural immersion and modern entertainment for all ages

For a Malaysian year-end holiday with good food, affordability, and premium options, consider Penang (foodie paradise), Langkawi (beaches & nature), Sabah (Borneo adventure), Cameron Highlands (cool weather & farms), or a serene retreat in Janda Baik/Pahang; these offer diverse experiences from vibrant street food to luxury resorts, all with abundant halal choices, making for a perfect relaxing getaway.

Reasonably Priced & Authentic Food

Penang (George Town): Famous for world-class street food (Asam Laksa, Char Kway Teow, Cendol) with heritage charm, lots of halal options, and vibrant murals.

Ipoh, Perak: Known for its classic food scene (bean sprout chicken, white coffee) and old-town vibes, often more budget-friendly than Penang.

Melaka: A blend of history, culture (Peranakan), and delicious Nyonya cuisine, easily accessible for short trips. Premium & Nature Escapes

Langkawi: Offers stunning beaches, island hopping, the SkyBridge, cable car, and luxury resorts, perfect for relaxation.

Sabah (Kota Kinabalu/Borneo): For adventure and nature lovers (Mount Kinabalu, orangutans, beautiful beaches like Tanjung Aru) with a mix of mid-range to premium stays.

Cameron Highlands: Cool weather, tea plantations, strawberry farms, and nature walks, with many charming accommodations.

Janda Baik, Pahang: Secluded riverside and nature retreats for a tranquil, cooler getaway from KL.

Island Bliss

Perhentian Islands/Redang: Beautiful, clear waters for snorkeling/diving, great for beach lovers, though check monsoon seasons (generally better April-Sept, but check end-of-year weather).

Tioman Island: Another East Coast gem with jungle and beaches, offering diverse stays.

Tips for Year-End (Dec 2025/Jan 2026)

Book Early: This is peak holiday season, so secure flights and accommodations ASAP for better prices and availability.

Check Weather: East Coast islands might be windier/wetter in Dec, so consider West Coast (Langkawi) or Sabah for more reliable sunshine.

Explore Local: Leverage Malaysia's fantastic range of food (over 50% Muslim population means halal is easy) and diverse scenery for a truly Malaysian relaxed holiday.

Premium & Nature Escapes

Langkawi: Offers stunning beaches, island hopping, the SkyBridge, cable car, and luxury resorts, perfect for relaxation.

Sabah (Kota Kinabalu/Borneo): For adventure and nature lovers (Mount Kinabalu, orangutans, beautiful beaches like Tanjung Aru) with a mix of mid-range to premium stays.

Cameron Highlands: Cool weather, tea plantations, strawberry farms, and nature walks, with many charming accommodations.

Janda Baik, Pahang: Secluded riverside and nature retreats for a tranquil, cooler getaway from KL.

Island Bliss

Perhentian Islands/Redang: Beautiful clear waters for snorkeling/diving, great for beach lovers, though check monsoon seasons (generally better April-Sept, but check end-of-year weather).

Tioman Island: Another East Coast gem with jungle and beaches, offering diverse stays.

Tips for Year-End (Dec 2025/Jan 2026)

Book Early: This is the peak holiday season, so secure flights and accommodations ASAP for better prices and availability.

Check Weather: East Coast islands might be windier/wetter in Dec, so consider West Coast (Langkawi) or Sabah for more reliable sunshine.

Explore Local: Leverage Malaysia's fantastic range of food (over 50% Muslim population means halal is easy) and diverse scenery for a truly Malaysian, relaxed holiday.

Here are some excellent Malaysian holiday destinations for the year-end school holidays that offer a mix of reasonably priced, premium experiences with readily available halal and authentic local food.

Top Destination Choices

Langkawi (Island Paradise)

Highlights: A tranquil island getaway featuring pristine beaches, crystal clear waters, and lush tropical greenery. It offers a balance of nature, relaxation, and Muslim-friendly luxury.

Food: Abundant halal seafood restaurants and Muslim-friendly resorts with halal-certified kitchens (e.g., Adya Hotel Langkawi, Pelangi Beach Resort & Spa).

Activities: Take the Langkawi Cable Car and Sky Bridge for breathtaking views, explore the Kilim Geoforest Park mangrove forests, or relax on Pantai Cenang beach.

Cameron Highlands (Cool Nature Escape)

Highlights: A refreshing mountain retreat offering cooler weather, extensive tea plantations, and beautiful flower and strawberry farms. It's a peaceful escape from the city heat.

Food: Halal eateries and restaurants offering fresh local produce, such as organic steamboat meals and various Western and local dishes (e.g., Cameron Organic Produce Steamboat & Grill).

Activities: Tour the BOH Tea Plantation, pick strawberries at a local farm, visit the Butterfly Garden, and explore hiking trails.

Kuala Lumpur (Bustling Capital & Modern Luxury)

Highlights: A dynamic metropolis blending modern skyscrapers with rich cultural and Islamic heritage, ideal for a mix of shopping, education, and entertainment.

Food: A hub for diverse halal dining options, from authentic Malay buffet at Restoran Rebung Chef Ismail to international cuisine in mall food courts.

Activities: Visit the Petronas Twin Towers, explore the Islamic Arts Museum, shop in Bukit Bintang, or take a day trip to the stunning Putra Mosque in Putrajaya

Penang Food and Heritage Capital

• Highlights: Known as the "Pearl of the Orient," Penang is a UNESCO World Heritage site with a rich history, vibrant culture, and world-famous street food. It perfectly balances old-world charm with modern amenities.
• Food: A food lover's paradise with many halal hawker stalls and certified restaurants, ensuring authentic local cuisine is easily accessible (e.g., Kapitan Restaurant for Nasi Kandar, Hameediyah Restaurant).
• Activities: Explore the street art and heritage houses of George Town, visit the Entopia butterfly farm, or enjoy family fun at the ESCAPE theme park.
• Key Considerations
• Halal Assurance: Malaysia has a strong halal ecosystem; look for the official JAKIM halal logo at restaurants for certified dining. Most hotels offer in-room prayer mats and Qibla directions upon request.
• Reasonable Pricing: Many destinations offer a range of accommodation from budget-friendly options to upscale resorts, allowing you to find prices that suit your family's budget.
• Travel Tips: Internal flights are a quick and often affordable way to travel between different states like KL, Penang, and Langkawi. The year-end school holidays run from approximately December 20, 2025, to January 11, 2026.