Drunkard On The Road - Malaysia / Pemabuk Jalanraya DiMalaysia.

[For Illustration Only] The police study showed that negligent driving while exiting or coming into a junction caused 6,590 fatal accidents between 2011 and July 2021. 

Statistics on fatal accidents caused by drunk drivers in Malaysia show a changing trend over the past 15 years (starting around 2011). Although often in the news, PDRM data shows that driving under the influence of alcohol/drugs is consistently among the lowest causes of road deaths compared to other factors such as negligence at intersections or single vehicles.

Drunk driving is a touchy topic in Malaysia. People are easily divided regarding news about road accidents due to the influence of alcohol. But is it the major cause of accidents in Malaysia as people often claim it to be?

Let’s quickly look at official numbers to decide whether it’s a fact or a myth.

Cases of road accidents in Malaysia

Last year, Free Malaysia Today reported, based on a Royal Malaysia Police’s (PDRM) statistical report, that only 69 cases of drunk driving led to deadly accidents over ten years. According to PDRM’s numbers, drunk driving was one of the lowest causes of death compared to other fatal collisions from 2011 to 2021.

The report states that single-vehicle accidents were the highest, contributing to a total of 19,570 deaths, followed by negligent driving while exiting or entering a junction at 6,590, overtaking at 6,560, collisions due to not seeing a head-on obstacle at 6,336, U-turns at 2,570, driving against traffic flow at 1,731, beating traffic lights at 1,398 and falling asleep while driving at 1,305. Within the same period, some 1,990 fatal cases were also caused by the negligence of pedestrians.

These statistics suggest that drunk driving isn’t the major cause of accidents on Malaysian roads because alcohol consumption among Malaysians, especially those that drive, only makes up a small fraction of the entire population

Compared to the number of deaths from other cases mentioned earlier, such as single-vehicle accidents, negligent driving and overtaking, deaths from drunk driving still appear noticeably smaller. While it is true that drunk driving is one of the causes of road accidents, statistical data does not provide solid grounds to say that it’s the major cause of road accidents in Malaysia.

As PDRM stated in its report last year, the offence remains one of the lowest contributors to road accidents in Malaysia. It occupies the last place of the 17 causes of road accidents. This shows that drunk driving, as the major cause of road accidents in Malaysia, is nothing more than just a myth because many other factors are topping that list.

Like in many countries, drunk driving in Malaysia is an offence according to the Road Traffic (Amendment) Act under section 45A. But making sweeping statements about it to shift away all the attention from other causes of road accidents should not be encouraged.

As responsible citizens, we should stick to official data and facts before passing judgments about any issue. Cause what may seem like the truth may not be it after all.

Statistics on Drunk Driver Deaths (2011 – 2026) 

The data shows a sharp increase in the middle of the last decade before decreasing after stricter law amendments in 2020. 

Year Total Deaths (Alcohol/Drugs) 

Additional Notes 

2011 33 Beginning of the last 15 years. 

2012 136 Significant increase. 

2013 207-

2014 193-

2015 229-

2016 237 Highest peak in the last 15 years. 

2017 58  Drastic decrease. 

2018 54-

202 22,306 (cases detected) Refers to the number of arrests/summons. 202 52 (fatal deaths) 

Data as of June 2025 (0.06% of number of deaths).

2026 Current IssuesCalls for death penalty & compensation for heirs are back in full swing.

Other Major Causes of Road DeathsCompared to drunk drivers, the following factors contributed to a much larger number of deaths in the 10-year period (2011-2021):

Single Vehicles: 

19,570 deaths (the highest cause).

Negligence at Intersections: 6,590 deaths.

Overtaking Vehicles: 6,560 deaths.

Violating Obstacles in Front: 6,336 deaths.

Pedestrian Negligence: 1,990 deaths.

Evolution of Laws & Punishments. Preventive measures have been tightened through the amendment of the Road Transport Act 1987 in October 2020:

Prison Penalty: Minimum 10 years to 15 years for the first offense causing death (previously 3-10 years).

Fine: RM50,000 to RM100,000.

License Suspension: Minimum 10 years.Latest Proposal (2026): 

The government is drafting an amendment to oblige offenders to pay damages/compensation to the victim's family. 

Do you need further details on the breakdown of statistics by state or information on how to claim damages for accident victims?

In Malaysia, fatal accident statistics show different trends by state, with [Selangor](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/01jc9d&q=Yes,+further+details+on+the+breakdown+of+statistics+by+state+or+information+on+how+to+claim+damages+for+accident+victims?+In+Malaysia?) consistently recording the highest figures. For accident victims or heirs, the process of claiming damages involves existing legal measures as well as the latest proposed amendments being drafted by the government in March 2026. [1, 2, 3]

Breakdown of Accident Statistics by State

While specific data on drunk driving by state is not always published separately each month, general statistics on fatal accidents provide an indication of the density of risk: [4]

How to Claim Compensation in Malaysia

For accident victims (including drunk driving cases), there are two main routes to obtaining compensation:

1. Third-Party Claim

This is an existing process where the victim claims from the at-fault driver's insurance company. [4, 8]

* Types of Compensation: Covers general damages (pain and suffering) and special damages (medical bills, vehicle damage, loss of income).

* Key Steps:

* Police Report: Must be made within 24 hours at the nearest traffic police station.

* Documentation: Keep all medical receipts, certified police reports, and estimated repair costs.

* Lawyer: Appoint a lawyer to file a civil suit if the insurance compensation is insufficient or disputed. [8, 9, 10, 11, 12]

2. Proposed New Amendment (Mandatory Compensation - 2026)

As of 30 March 2026, the Ministry of Transport (MOT) is drafting an amendment to the Road Transport Act 1987 to require offenders to pay compensation directly to the victim's family. [3, 13]

* Purpose: To avoid the victim's family having to wait long through the costly civil suit process.

* 'Diyat' Concept: There is a proposal to extend the concept of immediate compensation (diyat) to all victims regardless of race or religion. [14, 15]

Summary of Drunk Driving Punishment (Amendment 2020)

[Type of Offences]

[A] [Causing Death]: Prison: 10 – 15 Years 

Penalty/Fine: RM50,000 – RM100,000

[B] [Causing Death/Repeat Offence: Prison:15 - 20 Years

{Penalty/Fine: RM100,000 - RM150,000

If you need immediate assistance, organizations such as the [Federation of Peninsular Malay Students (GPMS)](https://berita.rtm.gov.my/nasional/senarai-berita-nasional/senarai-artikel/cadang-pinda-akta-333-wajibkan-pemandu-mabuk-bayar-ganti-rugi-mot/) offer pro bono (free) legal services to families of victims of fatal drunk driving accidents. [9, 14]

Bahasa Melayu: 

Statistik kemalangan maut yang disebabkan oleh pemandu mabuk di Malaysia menunjukkan trend yang berubah sejak 15 tahun lalu (bermula sekitar tahun 2011). Walaupun sering menjadi berita, data PDRM menunjukkan bahawa memandu di bawah pengaruh alkohol/dadah secara konsisten merupakan antara punca kematian jalan raya yang paling rendah berbanding faktor lain seperti kecuaian di persimpangan jalan atau kenderaan tunggal.

Memandu dalam keadaan mabuk merupakan topik yang sensitif di Malaysia. Orang ramai mudah berbelah bahagi mengenai berita tentang kemalangan jalan raya akibat pengaruh alkohol. Tetapi adakah ia punca utama kemalangan di Malaysia seperti yang sering didakwa orang ramai?

Mari kita lihat dengan cepat angka rasmi untuk menentukan sama ada ia fakta atau mitos.

Kes kemalangan jalan raya di Malaysia

Tahun lepas, Free Malaysia Today melaporkan, berdasarkan laporan statistik Polis Diraja Malaysia (PDRM), bahawa hanya 69 kes memandu dalam keadaan mabuk menyebabkan kemalangan maut dalam tempoh sepuluh tahun. Menurut angka PDRM, pemanduan dalam keadaan mabuk merupakan antara punca kematian terendah berbanding perlanggaran maut lain dari tahun 2011 hingga 2021.

Laporan itu menyatakan bahawa kemalangan kenderaan tunggal adalah yang tertinggi, menyumbang kepada sejumlah 19,570 kematian, diikuti oleh pemanduan cuai semasa keluar atau memasuki simpang di 6,590, memotong di 6,560, perlanggaran kerana tidak melihat halangan di 6,336, pusingan U di 2,570, memandu melawan arus trafik di 1,731, melanggar lampu isyarat di 1,398 dan tertidur semasa memandu di 1,305. Dalam tempoh yang sama, kira-kira 1,990 kes maut juga disebabkan oleh kecuaian pejalan kaki.

Statistik ini menunjukkan bahawa pemanduan dalam keadaan mabuk bukanlah punca utama kemalangan di jalan raya Malaysia kerana pengambilan alkohol dalam kalangan rakyat Malaysia, terutamanya mereka yang memandu, hanya membentuk sebahagian kecil daripada keseluruhan populasi.

Berbanding dengan bilangan kematian daripada kes-kes lain yang dinyatakan sebelum ini, seperti kemalangan kenderaan tunggal, pemanduan cuai dan memotong, kematian akibat pemanduan dalam keadaan mabuk masih kelihatan lebih kecil. Walaupun benar bahawa pemanduan dalam keadaan mabuk adalah salah satu punca kemalangan jalan raya, data statistik tidak memberikan alasan yang kukuh untuk mengatakan bahawa ia adalah punca utama kemalangan jalan raya di Malaysia.

Seperti yang dinyatakan oleh PDRM dalam laporannya tahun lepas, kesalahan itu kekal sebagai salah satu penyumbang terendah kepada kemalangan jalan raya di Malaysia. Ia menduduki tempat terakhir daripada 17 punca kemalangan jalan raya. Ini menunjukkan bahawa memandu dalam keadaan mabuk, sebagai punca utama kemalangan jalan raya di Malaysia, hanyalah mitos kerana banyak faktor lain mendahului senarai itu.

Seperti di banyak negara, memandu dalam keadaan mabuk di Malaysia adalah satu kesalahan mengikut Akta Lalu Lintas Jalan Raya (Pindaan) di bawah seksyen 45A. Tetapi membuat kenyataan meluas mengenainya untuk mengalihkan semua perhatian daripada punca kemalangan jalan raya yang lain tidak seharusnya digalakkan.

Sebagai warganegara yang bertanggungjawab, kita harus berpegang pada data dan fakta rasmi sebelum membuat penilaian tentang sebarang isu. Kerana apa yang mungkin kelihatan seperti kebenaran mungkin sebenarnya tidak begitu.

Statistik Kematian Pemandu Mabuk (2011 – 2026)

Data menunjukkan peningkatan mendadak pada pertengahan dekad yang lalu sebelum menurun selepas pindaan undang-undang yang lebih ketat pada tahun 2020.

Tahun Jumlah Kematian (Alkohol/Dadah)

Nota Tambahan

2011 33 Permulaan 15 tahun yang lalu.

2012 136 Peningkatan yang ketara.

2013 207-

2014 193-

2015 229-

2016 237 Puncak tertinggi dalam 15 tahun yang lalu.

2017 58 Penurunan drastik.

2018 54-

202 22,306 (kes dikesan) Merujuk kepada bilangan tangkapan/saman. 202 52 (kematian maut)

Data sehingga Jun 2025 (0.06% daripada bilangan kematian).

Isu Semasa 2026 Seruan untuk hukuman mati & pampasan untuk waris kembali rancak.

Punca Utama Lain Kematian Jalan Raya Berbanding pemandu mabuk, faktor-faktor berikut menyumbang kepada jumlah kematian yang jauh lebih besar dalam tempoh 10 tahun (2011-2021):

Kenderaan Tunggal:

19,570 kematian (punca tertinggi).

Kecuaian di Persimpangan: 6,590 kematian.

Kenderaan Memintas: 6,560 kematian.

Melanggar Halangan di Hadapan: 6,336 kematian.

Kecuaian Pejalan Kaki: 1,990 kematian.

Evolusi Undang-undang & Hukuman. Langkah pencegahan telah diperketatkan melalui pindaan Akta Pengangkutan Jalan Raya 1987 pada Oktober 2020:

Hukuman Penjara: Minimum 10 tahun hingga 15 tahun untuk kesalahan pertama yang menyebabkan kematian (sebelum ini 3-10 tahun).

Denda: RM50,000 hingga RM100,000.

Penggantungan Lesen: Minimum 10 tahun. Cadangan Terkini (2026):

Kerajaan sedang merangka pindaan untuk mewajibkan pesalah membayar ganti rugi/pampasan kepada keluarga mangsa.

Adakah anda memerlukan butiran lanjut tentang pecahan statistik mengikut negeri atau maklumat tentang cara menuntut ganti rugi untuk mangsa kemalangan?

Di Malaysia, statistik kemalangan maut menunjukkan trend yang berbeza mengikut negeri, dengan [Selangor](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/01jc9d&q=Yes,+butiran+lanjut+tentang+pecahan+statistik+mengikut+negeri+atau+maklumat+tentang+cara+menuntut+ganti rugi+untuk+mangsa+kemalangan?+Di+Malaysia?) secara konsisten mencatatkan angka tertinggi. Bagi mangsa kemalangan atau waris, proses tuntutan ganti rugi melibatkan langkah perundangan sedia ada serta pindaan terkini yang dicadangkan yang digubal oleh kerajaan pada Mac 2026. [1, 2, 3]

Pecahan Statistik Kemalangan Mengikut Negeri

Walaupun data khusus tentang pemanduan mabuk mengikut negeri tidak selalu diterbitkan secara berasingan setiap bulan, statistik umum tentang kemalangan maut memberikan petunjuk tentang kepadatan risiko: [4]

Cara Menuntut Pampasan di Malaysia

Bagi mangsa kemalangan (termasuk kes memandu mabuk), terdapat dua laluan utama untuk mendapatkan pampasan:

1. Tuntutan Pihak Ketiga

Ini adalah proses sedia ada di mana mangsa menuntut daripada syarikat insurans pemandu yang bersalah. [4, 8]

* Jenis Pampasan: Meliputi ganti rugi am (kesakitan dan penderitaan) dan ganti rugi khas (bil perubatan, kerosakan kenderaan, kehilangan pendapatan).

* Langkah Utama:

* Laporan Polis: Mesti dibuat dalam tempoh 24 jam di balai polis trafik terdekat.

* Dokumentasi: Simpan semua resit perubatan, laporan polis yang diperakui dan anggaran kos pembaikan.

* Peguam: Lantik peguam untuk memfailkan saman sivil jika pampasan insurans tidak mencukupi atau dipertikaikan. [8, 9, 10, 11, 12]

2. Pindaan Baharu yang Dicadangkan (Pampasan Mandatori - 2026)

Mulai 30 Mac 2026, Kementerian Pengangkutan (MOT) sedang merangka pindaan kepada Akta Pengangkutan Jalan Raya 1987 untuk mewajibkan pesalah membayar pampasan terus kepada keluarga mangsa. [3, 13]

* Tujuan: Untuk mengelakkan keluarga mangsa daripada menunggu lama melalui proses saman sivil yang mahal.

* Konsep 'Diyat': Terdapat cadangan untuk memperluaskan konsep pampasan segera (diyat) kepada semua mangsa tanpa mengira bangsa atau agama. [14, 15]

Ringkasan Hukuman Memandu Mabuk (Pindaan 2020)

[Jenis Kesalahan]

[A] [Menyebabkan Kematian]: Penjara: 10 – 15 Tahun

Penalti/Denda: RM50,000 – RM100,000

[B] [Menyebabkan Kematian/Berulang Kesalahan: Penjara:15 - 20 Tahun

{Penalti/Denda: RM100,000 - RM150,000

Sekiranya anda memerlukan bantuan segera, pertubuhan seperti [Persekutuan Pelajar Melayu Semenanjung (GPMS)](https://berita.rtm.gov.my/nasional/senarai-berita-nasional/senarai-artikel/cadang-pinda-akta-333-wajibkan-pemandu-mabuk-bayar-ganti-rugi-mot/) menawarkan pro bon legal (percuma). perkhidmatan kepada keluarga mangsa kemalangan maut akibat memandu dalam keadaan mabuk. [9, 14]

references:

[1] [https://www.sinarharian.com.my](https://www.sinarharian.com.my/article/773492/berita/nasional/pemandu-mabuk-pampasan-setimpal-perlu-diberikan-kepada-keluarga-mangsa---young-syefura)

[2] [https://www.researchgate.net](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332673038_Road_Traffic_Accident_in_Malaysia_Trends_Selected_Underlying_Determinants_and_Status_Intervention)

[3] [https://www.malaymail

* [Selangor](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/01jc9d&q=Yes,+further+details+on+the+breakdown+of+statistics+by+state+or+information+on+how+to+claim+damages+for+accident+victims?+In+Malaysia?): Records the highest number of road fatalities overall (e.g. 1,140 deaths in 2016). For cases of drunk drivers specifically, [Selangor](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/01jc9d&q=Yes,+further+details+on+the+breakdown+of+statistics+by+state+or+information+on+how+to+claim+damages+for+accident+victims?+In+Malaysia?) recorded 67 accidents with 3 deaths in 2020.

* [Silver](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/015q02&q=Yes,+further+details+on+the+breakdown+of+statistics+by+state+or+information+on+how+to+claim+damages+for+accident+victims?+In+Malaysia?): Shows a decrease in the death rate (from 19.56 per 100,000 people in 2020), but injuries from accidents increase.

* Urban Areas ([Shah Alam](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/0syrf&q=Yes,+further+details+on+the+breakdown+of+statistics+by+state+or+information+on+how+to+claim+damages+for+accident+victims?+In+Malaysia?), [Klang](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/0glmmkl&q=Yes,+further+details+on+the+breakdown+of+statistics+by+state+or+information+on+how+to+claim+damages+for+accident+victims?+In+Malaysia?), [Subang](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/0d24vl&q=Yes,+further+details+on+the+breakdown+of+statistics+by+state+or+information+on+how+to+claim+damages+for+accident+victims?+In+Malaysia?)): Is a "hot" area (hotspots) with a high frequency of accidents in [Selangor](https://www.google.com/search?kgmid=/m/01jc9d&q=Yes,+further+details+on+the+breakdown+of+statistics+by+state+or+information+on+how+to+claim+damages+for+accident+victims?+In+Malaysia?). [2, 5, 6, 7]ail.com](https://www.malaymail.com/news/malaysia/2026/03/30/transport-ministry-moves-to-make-intoxicated-drivers-pay-compensation-to-victims-families/214471)

[4] [https://www.gkg.legal](https://www.gkg.legal/how-does-the-law-protect-road-users-and-compensate-accident-victims/)

[5] [https://publisher.uthm.edu.my](https://publisher.uthm.edu.my/ojs/index.php/IJSCET/article/download/14142/5724/61088)

[6] [https://mobile.astroawani.com](https://mobile.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/pemandu-mabuk-67-kemalangan-tiga-kematian-di-selangor-tahun-ini-245996)

[7] [https://www.instagram.com](https://www.instagram.com/reel/DWgpXQUgPkh/)

[8] [https://eprints.um.edu.my](https://eprints.um.edu.my/18069/1/All.pdf)

[9] [https://www.astroawani.com](https://www.astroawani.com/berita-malaysia/diyat-perlu-diteliti-lindungi-hak-waris-mangsa-kemalangan-zulkifli)

[10] [https://www.motorist.my](https://www.motorist.my/article/3713/understanding-your-rights-after-a-traffic-accident-in-malaysia)

[11] [https://www.kurnia.com](https://www.kurnia.com/blog/handling-car-accident-malaysia)

[12] [https://teo.associates](https://teo.associates/the-ultimate-guide-to-road-accident-claims-in-malaysia/)

[13] [https://www.bharian.com.my](https://www.bharian.com.my/amp/berita/nasional/2026/03/1527220/pemandu-mabuk-bawah-pengaruh-dadah-mot-cadang-wajibkan-pesalah-bayar)

[14] [https://www.bernama.com](https://www.bernama.com/en/region/news.php?id=2539153)

https://my.weforum.org/home [Dunhill5417#]

[15] [https://www.nst.com.my](https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2026/03/1406908/syariah-based-diyat-proposed-justice-mechanism-drink-driving-victims?source=widget)

Legal Hurdles so with the 'Credentialing Process [Rule 29) of UN.Will there be Likelihood of Success for OIC.

Organisation of Islamic Cooperation

The Collective Voice of The Muslim World

The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has focused on several key strategies:

Suspension and Sanctions: The OIC has recently reiterated calls to suspend Israel’s membership in the United Nations.The Muslim world's efforts to mitigate the crisis involving Israel and the United States center on a combination of high-level diplomatic pressure, calls for economic leverage, and persistent demands for a ceasefire and a two-state solution. The Current Diplomatic Efforts & Direct Action of Muslim-majority nations and international bodies like the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) have focused on several key strategies:

Suspension and Sanctions: The OIC has recently reiterated calls to suspend Israel’s membership in the United Nations.

Diplomatic Recalls: At least 11 nations, including Jordan, Turkey, and Bahrain, have recalled their ambassadors or severed ties entirely as a form of protest against Israeli military operations.

Joint Summits: Leaders from the Arab League and OIC have held emergency meetings to present a united front, recently demanding an immediate ceasefire and unhindered humanitarian aid during discussions at the UN General Assembly.

Leveraging Influence: Proposals for Mitigation

Islamic leaders and scholars within the U.S. and globally have urged Muslim nations to use more aggressive "concrete actions" to pressure the U.S. and Israel, including; 

Economic Embargoes Calls for oil and gas embargoes to leverage the energy dependence of Western nations. Severing ties and urging nations that signed the Abraham Accords (such as the UAE and Bahrain) to cut economic, military, and intelligence ties. Military Airspace Bans proposals to block the use of airspace and military facilities for any operations supporting Israeli actions.

The Obvious Provocateur.  Regional Escalation by the Zionist State of Israel.

The Key Issue is the direct confrontation from the Zionist state of Israel, and recent "pre-emptive strikes" by Israel and retaliatory warnings from Iran have significantly heightened fears of a broader regional war, with the U.S. providing strategic support to Israel.

A more direct, military-aligned form of mitigation is led by Iran and its allies (the "Axis of Resistance"). Asymmetric Pressure - Iran utilizes non-state actors like Hezbollah (Lebanon), the Houthis (Yemen), and Hamas to project power and create a multi-front challenge for Israel and the U.S. 

Key Obstacles to a Unified Response

However, despite the rhetoric, several factors complicate a cohesive "Muslim world" response, such as internal divisions where some nations, like the UAE, maintain diplomatic relations for strategic and economic reasons, even while criticizing specific Israeli policies.

The most uncohesive of U.S. Alliance Dependencies, many Arab states balance their support for Palestine with their defense treaties and security architectures built with the United States.

The growing critics argue that bodies like the OIC are "strong on rhetoric but short on serious, tangible action," often limited to issuing condemnations rather than enforcing collective sanctions. The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and the broader Arab-Islamic bloc have significantly intensified their efforts to suspend Israel’s membership in the United Nations. This push reached a peak in late 2025 and continues into 2026, driven by what member states characterize as "genocidal actions" and "flagrant violations" of international law.

Nature and Scale of Current Efforts.

The effort is a coordinated, multilateral campaign involving high-level diplomatic sessions and formal resolutions.

Extraordinary Arab-Islamic Summits: In September 2025, an emergency summit in Doha adopted a final communiqué where member states of the OIC and the Arab League officially announced their intention to coordinate efforts to suspend Israel's UN membership. This followed a similar call from the Riyadh-held Extraordinary Arab and Islamic Summit in November 2024, which urged for a freeze on Israel's membership.

Persistent Diplomatic Pressure: As of early 2026, the OIC General Secretariat continues to reiterate its call for suspension, citing Israel's persistent "unlawful practices of displacement, settlement, annexation," and attempts to impose sovereignty over occupied Palestinian territory.

Individual State Leadership: Countries like Malaysia and Pakistan have been vocal proponents. Malaysia’s Foreign Minister plans to renew the appeal publicly at the UN General Assembly (UNGA) in September 2026. Pakistan, currently a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council (UNSC), has reiterated the OIC's call and urged member states to consider "other appropriate measures".

Likelihood of Success and Legal Hurdles

While the effort has significant political momentum within the OIC and the Global South, it faces substantial legal and geopolitical barriers.

Mechanism Success Rate / Likelihood Primary Obstacle

UN Charter (Articles 5 & 6) Highly Unlikely Under the UN Charter, suspending or expelling a member state requires a recommendation from the Security Council followed by a vote in the General Assembly. The United States has a permanent veto on the UNSC and maintains "ironclad support" for Israel, making a formal recommendation almost inconceivable.

Credentialing Process (Rule 29) Potential "Interim" Option There is a proposed alternative to challenge Israel’s credentials within the UNGA. This mechanism, successfully used against Apartheid-era South Africa, would theoretically allow the Assembly to suspend Israel’s participation in GA sessions without a Security Council vote.

General Assembly Resolutions High Success in Adoption The UNGA frequently adopts resolutions against Israel by large majorities. In 2025 alone, the GA adopted at least 15 resolutions regarding Israel, often with over 140 "Yes" votes.

Major Deterrents and Counter-Arguments

The success of these efforts is further complicated by several factors:

Geopolitical Fractures: Some analysts view the push for suspension as "one-sided" and argue it ignores the actions of other regional actors, such as Hamas or Iran.

Deadline Defiance: A previous UNGA resolution set September 2025 as the deadline for Israel to end its "unlawful occupation" following an ICJ advisory opinion; however, Israel has not complied, leading to calls for more "resolute action" rather than just "lip service".

Strategic Partners: Key world powers, including the U.S. and the UK, have consistently voiced dissent against measures they believe undercut Israel's security or fail to condemn Hamas.

The "credentialing process" refers to a procedural mechanism within the UN General Assembly (UNGA) that can effectively bar a state from participating in sessions without formally expelling them from the UN. This bypasses the Security Council veto required for formal suspension or expulsion under Articles 5 and 6 of the UN Charter.

How the South Africa Precedent Worked

Between 1970 and 1974, the UNGA used its Rules of Procedure to challenge the legitimacy of the South African delegation.

Rejection of Credentials (Rule 28): Each year, the Credentials Committee (9 members) reviews the "credentials" (official documents) of delegations. Starting in 1970, the UNGA began rejecting South Africa’s credentials because the government did not represent the majority of its people due to apartheid.

The Bouteflika Ruling (1974): Initially, rejection was seen as a "symbolic warning" that did not stop participation. However, in 1974, UNGA President Abdelaziz Bouteflika (Algeria) ruled that since the Assembly had consistently rejected the delegation's credentials, it meant they could no longer participate in the session.

Impact of the Ruling: This decision was upheld by a vote of 91 to 22. South Africa remained a member of the UN but was barred from taking its seat, speaking, or voting in the General Assembly until 1994.

Application to Israel Today

The OIC and legal scholars have proposed using this same "interim" tactic against Israel.

Legal Rationale: Proponents argue that Israel’s persistent disregard for International Court of Justice (ICJ) advisory opinions and Security Council resolutions provides a legal basis to challenge the "representativeness" and legitimacy of its current government at the UN.

The "Workaround" Advantage: Because this is a procedural matter of the General Assembly, it cannot be vetoed by the United States in the Security Council.

Success Factors:

Timing: Credentials are reviewed at the start of each regular session (typically September).

Political Will: While the OIC supports this, many states fear setting a precedent where any government’s credentials could be challenged based on its policies rather than just the authenticity of its paperwork.

Joe Boyle

References:/Notes

https://www.nytimes.com/1974/11/13/archives/south-africa-is-suspended-by-un-assembly-9122-un-session-b

https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/855635/files/A_9779-EN.pdf

https://www.un.org/en/ga/about/ropga/credentials.shtml#:~:text=Submission%20of%20credentials:%20Rule%2027,Assembly%20has%20given%20its%20decision.

Police Nab Student for Provocative 3R..

Kuantan February 25,

Police today detained a student of the University  Malaysia Pahang Al Sultan Abdullah (UMPSA) on suspicion of uploading social media content touching on issues of religion, race, and the royal Institutions.

readmore: 

Dr Sam - Preferred, Prime Minister. (English)

Frankly, it is very unfair to judge Dr. Shamsuri's ability to lead the country, as a person with many shortcomings, even when listening to the comments of a few professors, with knowledge of national politics. These Professors ... who commented on his authority as if there was a weighing of values ​​that sometimes brought laughter - why so Jurassic your mentality? Shame on you...an uncalled form of comments, ever heard, to look down upon Dr. Sam is a profound display of "under the shell mentality - "katak bawah tempurung". So with the subtle labelling of PAS as a fanatic, religiously political entity. Enough of stereotyping PAS for not being progressive and religiously conservative. Do explore the facts and get out, Mr. Professors, from your cave mentality. Just to ponder: take time to read the yearly indicator of 500 Muslims leaders, and many more are from an Islamist background. The most notable among them is the Islamic leader, Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz (c. 680–720), or Umar II, who was the eighth Umayyad caliph (717–720) known for his extreme piety, justice, and swift, sweeping reforms that brought unprecedented stability and prosperity to the empire. Often called the "fifth rightly guided caliph," he reversed Umayyad excesses by living simply, reforming taxation, and fostering religious tolerance

For me, Dr. Sam is the best choice for the future of Malaysia. Honestly, among the political leaders in Malaysia. From what I see, Dr. Sam has the most rounded personality to lead the nation. Apart from his own leadership characteristics, Terengganu also ranks 5th in GNP among the states in Malaysia. Frankly, his leadership authority and dedication are something that comes "naturally" with his decades in the aerospace engineering sector. If you want to compare with KJ and RR, DR. Sam is far ahead in all aspects of leadership. Dr. Sam's leadership decorum is far superior to that of almost all Malaysian politicians. No way on any forms of comparative personality, RR and KJ both do not have the genuine acumen of a good, wise, and premier decorum. Maybe in the next 2 decades. Dr. Sam is much preferred. His full biography is as follows: 

Ahmad Samsuri bin Mokhtar (Jawi: احمد سمسوري بن مختر; born 16 November 1970) is a Malaysian politician, aerospace engineer, and lecturer who has served as the 15th Menteri Besar of Terengganu, Member of the Terengganu State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Ru Rendang since May 2018, Member of Parliament (MP) for Kemaman since December 2023, and Group Chairman for Terengganu Incorporated (TI Group).[2] He held a brief stint as the 18th Leader of the Opposition from May to June 2026 before being succeeded by Hamzah Zainudin during the RESET Malaysia Convention.[3] He is a member of the Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) coalition. He has served as the 2nd Chairman of PN since February 2026 and the Vice President of PAS since June 2019

Ahmad Samsuri was born in Jerteh, Besut, Terengganu, Malaysia, on 16 November 1970. He went to Sekolah Menengah Sains Sultan Mahmud, Kuala Terengganu from 1983 until 1988.[8] He received a BEng (Hons) in Mechanical and Materials Engineering from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia in 1993,[8] a Master of Science in Combustion and Energy from the Center for Combustion Studies, University of Leeds in 1996,[9] and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Aeroengine Ignition and Combustion, High Altitude Engine Failure from the School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds in 2001

Ahmad Samsuri is an aerospace engineer by profession. Prior to his involvement in politics, he previously worked as a Quality Assurance (QA) engineer for Hitachi Consumer Products in 1993-1994, as a research officer in the Faculty of Engineering, USM in 1994-1995, as the head of department (HOD) of the Department of Aerospace Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UPM in 2003-2008, where he also served as a lecturer (2001–2006) and an associate professor (2003–2008) for UNISEL.

Political analysis writers talk about the "Leadership Issue" being increasingly defined by influence, impact, and capability rather than by hierarchy or formal tenure. While traditional organizational structures rely on top-down authority, modern leadership often operates as a network where individuals at any level—regardless of age—can lead by connecting with others, fostering collaboration, and driving change. Is the existing leadership really that great? I don't even feel like commenting.

Open-minded in the analysis of how effective leadership goes beyond hierarchy and why young leaders can be so effective, the equity of Influence vs. Authority. Effective leaders generate impact through personal credibility, communication, and trust, rather than relying solely on the power vested in a position. As is the case today, there is power - I love it!!

Modern organizations are increasingly seen as “lattices” rather than “ladders,” allowing leadership to flow horizontally and across functions, rather than just up and down. Shared responsibilities and leadership roles are fluid, changing according to projects or specific expertise required, which encourages faster decision-making and innovation.

Young leaders, in particular, often bring attributes that challenge conventional approaches and bring significant value to an organization. Young leaders often bring fresh perspectives and are quicker to adopt new technologies, methodologies, and trends. Younger generations are often highly motivated by a sense of purpose and “making an impact,” which can enhance employee engagement and organizational culture.

Active Collaboration: Rather than working in isolation, young leaders often prioritize transparent communication and, in many cases, are more accessible to their teams than their traditional predecessors, often exhibiting high energy and a willingness to challenge the status quo.

Leadership effectiveness often goes beyond conventional expectations by focusing on: Servant Leadership. Shifting from “what can you do to help me” to “what can I do to help you” builds trust and empowers teams.

The best leaders don’t just create followers; they nurture and empower their team members to take ownership and lead themselves. While effective, young leaders face different challenges that organizations must address: The pressure to prove themselves can cause young leaders to choose to commit.

Dr. Sam, at an energetic age, may face skepticism from older colleagues, requiring them to build credibility through demonstrated results.

Effective leadership is a behavioral competency that can be developed, not just a career stage. As organizations face rapid change, the ability to nurture, empower, and support other leaders—regardless of their age or position—is essential to the long-term success of nation-building.  Dr. Sam - Preferred.

Joe Boyle.

Akhir-akhir ini, terdapat banyak podcast dan pelbagai bentuk polemik, terutamanya di media sosial.

 

Menunjukan dan menzahirkan kebencian terhadap Muslim dan Islam.

Assalamualaikum, umat Islam telah menghadapi penindasan berterusan sepanjang sejarah dan pada masa kini dalam pelbagai bentuk, daripada penganiayaan awal dan pembunuhan beramai-ramai berskala besar kepada diskriminasi kontemporari dan Islamofobia sistemik. Walaupun begitu, ramai dalam masyarakat mendapati kekuatan dalam iman mereka, ikatan komuniti, dan advokasi untuk keadilan, mempercayai janji illahi bahawa kebenaran (Islam) akhirnya akan menang.

Bentuk Penindasan Sejarah dan Kontemporari;

Penganiayaan Awal: Pada zaman awal Islam di Makkah, Nabi Muhammad  dan pengikutnya menghadapi penganiayaan yang teruk, termasuk penyeksaan fizikal, boikot ekonomi, dan pengasingan sosial oleh puak Quraisy yang memerintah. Para syuhada pertama dalam Islam, seperti Sumayya binti Khabbab dan suaminya Yasir, dibunuh kerana iman mereka.

Pembunuhan Bersejarah dan Pemakaman Secara Paksa: Sepanjang sejarah, umat Islam telah menjadi sasaran pembunuhan beramai-ramai dan pemakaman secara paksa, seperti semasa Inkuisisi Sepanyol atau konflik mazhab tertentu.

Krisis Hak Asasi Manusia Zaman Moden: Situasi kontemporari melibatkan pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang teruk, termasuk apa yang dianggap oleh kerajaan banyak negara, dan kumpulan hak asasi manusia sebagai pembunuhan beramai-ramai yang berterusan terhadap Muslim Palestina, Rohingya di Myanmar dan Muslim Uyghur di China. 

Islamofobia Sistemik dan Interpersonal: Dalam masyarakat majoriti Barat dan bukan Islam, umat Islam mengalami prejudis yang meluas, yang menjelma sebagai jenayah kebencian, diskriminasi dalam pekerjaan dan pendidikan, dan gambaran negatif media. Wanita Islam, terutamanya mereka yang memakai hijab, sering menghadapi Islamofobia gender.

[Gambar di atas, salah satu bentuk "Islamophobic" keatas umat Islam dengan mengunakan gambar Perdana Mentri Jepun dengan kenyataan yang diragukan. Ini dilakukan olih seorang bangsa Cina atau pertubuhan China254 Entertaiment.]

Ketahanan dan Kebangkitan Kebenaran

Dalam menghadapi cabaran ini, komuniti Islam telah menunjukkan daya tahan yang ketara dan menggunakan pelbagai strategi untuk mengekalkan kepercayaan mereka dan memberi penerangan tentang kebenaran:

Kekuatan dan Keimanan Dalaman: Ramai umat Islam mendapat kekuatan daripada kepercayaan mereka melalui amalan kerohanian seperti sabr (kesabaran), tawakkal (kepercayaan kepada Tuhan), dan doa untuk menghadapi kesukaran. Al-Quran memberi jaminan kepada orang yang beriman bahawa tiada penindasan yang dapat memusnahkan Islam dan kebenaran akan mengatasi kepalsuan.

Komuniti dan Advokasi: Membina rangkaian sokongan yang kukuh melalui pusat Islam dan organisasi komuniti membantu memerangi pengasingan sosial dan menyediakan ruang untuk pengalaman bersama. Organisasi seperti Majlis Hubungan Amerika-Islam terlibat dalam advokasi undang-undang dan kempen kesedaran awam untuk mencabar diskriminasi dan menggalakkan pemahaman Islam yang lebih tepat.

Pendidikan dan Dialog: Pendidikan dan dialog antara agama dilihat sebagai alat penting untuk mencabar maklumat salah, memecahkan stereotaip dan memupuk masyarakat yang lebih inklusif.

[Protest on Muslim migration in many European Countries]

Perwakilan Positif: Menonjolkan sumbangan positif umat Islam kepada masyarakat dalam pelbagai bidang membantu mengatasi naratif media negatif dan memberi inspirasi kepada generasi muda.

Keyakinan bahawa "cahaya Allah tidak akan pernah padam" dan bahawa Islam akhirnya akan memimpin dengan kebenaran memberikan sumber harapan dan motivasi yang kuat untuk ramai umat Islam dalam perjuangan mereka yang berterusan.

Bahasa Arab berasal daripada keluarga bahasa Semitik dan berkembang melalui peringkat dari zaman pra-Islam, dikodifikasikan sebagai Bahasa Arab Klasik selepas kedatangan Islam untuk memelihara Al-Quran. Bahasa Arab Klasik ialah bahasa Al-Quran dan kesusasteraan Islam awal, dan kajian komprehensif boleh didapati dalam PDF yang tersedia melalui laman akademik seperti ResearchGate dan Academia.edu.

Asal usul dan perkembangan

Rumah Semitik: Bahasa Arab merupakan ahli keluarga bahasa Afro-Asia, dengan keturunannya bermula sejak Proto-Semitik.

Era Pra-Islam: Sebelum Islam, bahasa Arab terutamanya merupakan bahasa puisi lisan, dengan beberapa bukti bertulis yang ditemui dalam inskripsi.

Pengaruh Islam: Penurunan al-Quran pada abad ke-7 Masihi merupakan peristiwa penting, menyeragamkan bahasa tersebut dan memberikannya status suci.

Kodifikasi: Keperluan untuk memelihara al-Quran membawa kepada perkembangan tatabahasa Arab (nahw) oleh tokoh-tokoh seperti Abu al-Aswad al-Duali, yang ditugaskan oleh Khalifah Ali.

Bahasa Arab Klasik

Definisi: Bahasa Arab Klasik ialah versi formal bahasa tersebut seperti yang terdapat dalam al-Quran dan dalam kesusasteraan zaman awal Islam (kira-kira abad ke-7 hingga ke-9 Masihi).

Kepentingan: Ia berfungsi sebagai asas bagi teks agama dan sekular semasa Zaman Kegemilangan Islam.

Bentuk moden: Bahasa Arab Piawai Moden (MSA) ialah keturunan langsung daripada Bahasa Arab Klasik, yang digunakan hari ini dalam penulisan formal, berita dan komunikasi rasmi.

Di mana untuk mendapatkan maklumat lanjut (PDF)

ResearchGate: Cari penerbitan seperti "Kisah Bahasa Arab: Kajian Linguistik Sejarah" untuk catatan sejarah yang terperinci.

Academia.edu: Cari kertas kerja seperti "Sejarah Bahasa Arab" untuk gambaran keseluruhan evolusinya yang komprehensif.

DSpace@MIT: Terokai penyelidikan akademik, seperti kertas kerja "Mengkaji sejarah bahasa Arab," yang menggunakan komputer kaedah nasional untuk

Key efforts and initiatives by Malaysian Government post-civil war Bosnia Herzagovina Re- Development.

Usaha dan inisiatif utama oleh Kerajaan Malaysia pasca perang saudara Pembangunan Semula Bosnia Herzagovina.

[Pembunuhan Beramai-ramai [Genosidal] Umat Islam Sarajevo-Bosnia -olih Pakatan Serbia/Croatia-Perang Saudara - Apabila runtuh kesatuan Yugoslavia Pimpinan General Tito, bila runtunya Kesatuan USSR -Soviet Union]

[Kemusnahan Kotaraya - Sarajevo -Perang Saudara Yugoslavia]

English

Key efforts and initiatives by the Malaysian Government post-civil war Bosnia Herzagovina Re- Development

Under the leadership of Prime Minister Mahathir Mohamad, Malaysia played a significant and proactive role in assisting Bosnia and Herzegovina both during and immediately after the Bosnian War (1992–1995), concerned with western nation providing no support for postwar recovery for the city of  Sarajevo and the Bosniak Muslim community. Mahathir's efforts were driven by a sense of duty to help fellow Muslims, outrage at the inaction of Western powers, and a desire to uphold human rights, leading to substantial political, financial, and rebuilding support.

Key efforts and initiatives by Malaysia post-civil war included:

Long-Term Military Support and Security: After the 1995 Dayton Agreement, Malaysia continued its support by transitioning its peacekeepers (MALBATT) into the NATO-led IFOR (Implementation Force) and SFOR (Stabilization Force) to help maintain peace. Malaysia helped train the Bosnian armed forces to ensure they could secure their own country's peace and stability.

Financial and Economic Reconstruction: Malaysia contributed to rebuilding infrastructure, including building schools and mosques. In 2001, Malaysia supported a $20-million joint investment project in Sarajevo (Bosmal D.O.O.) for a multi-storey commercial and residential complex.

Humanitarian and Educational Support: Malaysia supported the reconstruction of Bosnia through the donation of funds, and through the 1990s and early 2000s, provided opportunities for education. Bosnian students and professionals who had taken refuge in Malaysia during the war returned home with English proficiency and computer skills, helping them secure jobs in international organizations aiding reconstruction.

Diplomatic and Political Advocacy: Mahathir continued to act as a strong advocate for Bosnia on the international stage, pushing for the rights of Bosniaks and lobbying for foreign investment in the newly independent country.

Honoring the Efforts: Due to the immense support from Malaysia and Mahathir, a monument of gratitude to Mahathir Mohamad was unveiled in Sarajevo in 2020.

Background on wartime support (pre-1995):

Before the war ended, Mahathir sent Malaysian soldiers to join UN Peacekeeping Operations. Malaysia also opened its doors to Bosnian refugees, accepting them without visas during the conflict.

Note: The primary sources of information regarding Malaysia's support during this period indicate that the effort to aid Bosnia was strongly pushed by Mahathir as part of an active foreign policy, often criticizing the UN and Western powers for their inaction.

Malaysia and Bosnia and Herzegovina maintain strong bilateral relations, characterized by economic cooperation, investment projects, and historical support from Malaysia in the reconstruction of Bosnia. Key areas of collaboration include trade, investment, defence, and the halal sector. 

Key Projects and Economic Cooperation

Investments: Malaysian investments in Bosnia and Herzegovina exceeded RM160 million as of early 2024, focused on sectors like property development, hotels, and restaurants.

Malaysian-Bosnian Joint Project (Bosmal): Bank Islam (Labuan) Ltd has previously provided significant loans for construction projects, including the Bosmal City Centre in Sarajevo.

Halal and Agriculture: Both countries cooperate closely in the agricultural and halal sectors, with three Malaysian Islamic banks operating in Bosnia since 2010.

Infrastructure: Malaysia has shown readiness to participate in infrastructure, energy, and business networking projects, as highlighted in 2019.

Business Council: The Malaysia-Bosnia and Herzegovina Business Council (MBBC) was launched in 2014 to enhance economic ties and strengthen business links. 

Diplomatic and Historical Cooperation

Defence and Training: Since 2003, Bosnia has participated in the Malaysian Defence Cooperation Programme, with 82 personnel trained by 2009 in areas like UN peacekeeping, logistics, and law.

International Support: Malaysia was a strong supporter of Bosnia-Herzegovina during the conflict in the 1990s, actively opposing the UN and Western policies.

Tourism: The Embassy of Malaysia in Sarajevo has actively worked to boost tourism links, preparing for the Visit Malaysia Year 2026.

Visa Policy: Citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina do not require a visa to enter Malaysia for tourism purposes for up to 3 months. 

Recent Developments

2024 Forum: The Malaysia-Bosnia and Herzegovina International Business Forum 2024 was organized to strengthen economic partnerships.

Trade Growth: Bilateral trade between the two nations increased by 32.2% in 2023.

Diplomatic Support: Malaysia has historically provided strong diplomatic support, with Bosnian citizens often viewing Malaysia as a key friend. 

Bahasa Melayu:[Translation]

Usaha dan inisiatif utama oleh Kerajaan Malaysia pasca perang saudara. Pembangunan Semula Bosnia Herzagovina.

Di bawah kepimpinan Perdana Menteri Mahathir Mohamad, Malaysia memainkan peranan penting dan proaktif dalam membantu Bosnia dan Herzegovina semasa dan sejurus selepas Perang Bosnia (1992–1995), bertindak sebagai pemula untuk komuniti Muslim Bosniak. Usaha Mahathir didorong oleh rasa tanggungjawab untuk membantu sesama Muslim, kemarahan terhadap ketidakaktifan kuasa Barat, dan keinginan untuk menegakkan hak asasi manusia, yang membawa kepada sokongan politik, kewangan dan pembangunan semula yang besar.

Usaha dan inisiatif utama oleh Malaysia pasca perang saudara termasuk:

Sokongan dan Keselamatan Ketenteraan Jangka Panjang: Selepas Perjanjian Dayton 1995, Malaysia meneruskan sokongannya dengan memindahkan pasukan pengamannya (MALBATT) kepada IFOR (Pasukan Pelaksanaan) dan SFOR (Pasukan Penstabilan) yang diketuai NATO untuk membantu mengekalkan keamanan. Malaysia membantu melatih angkatan tentera Bosnia bagi memastikan mereka dapat menjamin keamanan dan kestabilan negara mereka sendiri.

Pembinaan Semula Kewangan dan Ekonomi: Malaysia menyumbang kepada pembinaan semula infrastruktur, termasuk membina sekolah dan masjid. Pada tahun 2001, Malaysia menyokong projek pelaburan bersama bernilai $20 juta di Sarajevo (Bosmal D.O.O.) untuk kompleks komersial dan kediaman bertingkat.

Sokongan Kemanusiaan dan Pendidikan: Malaysia menyokong pembinaan semula Bosnia melalui sumbangan dana, dan sepanjang tahun 1990-an dan awal 2000-an, menyediakan peluang untuk pendidikan. Pelajar dan profesional Bosnia yang telah berlindung di Malaysia semasa perang pulang ke tanah air dengan kemahiran Bahasa Inggeris dan komputer, membantu mereka mendapatkan pekerjaan dalam organisasi antarabangsa yang membantu pembinaan semula.

Advokasi Diplomatik dan Politik: Mahathir terus bertindak sebagai penyokong kuat untuk Bosnia di pentas antarabangsa, memperjuangkan hak-hak Bosniak dan melobi pelaburan asing di negara yang baru merdeka itu.

Menghormati Usaha-usaha tersebut: Disebabkan sokongan yang besar daripada Malaysia dan Mahathir, sebuah monumen penghargaan kepada Mahathir Mohamad telah dirasmikan di Sarajevo pada tahun 2020.

Latar belakang sokongan masa perang (sebelum 1995):

Sebelum perang tamat, Mahathir menghantar tentera Malaysia untuk menyertai Operasi Pengaman PBB. Malaysia juga membuka pintunya kepada pelarian Bosnia, menerima mereka tanpa visa semasa konflik.

Nota: Sumber maklumat utama mengenai sokongan Malaysia dalam tempoh ini menunjukkan bahawa usaha untuk membantu Bosnia telah didorong oleh Mahathir sebagai sebahagian daripada dasar luar yang aktif, sering mengkritik PBB dan kuasa Barat kerana tidak bertindak.

Jambatan Persabatan - Sumbangan Malaysia:

The Malaysian - Bosnian and Herzegovinian FriendshipBridge.
The Bridge of Sarajevo

Jambatan Persahabatan Malaysia-Bosnia dan Herzegovina, juga dikenali sebagai Malezijski Most dan Bosmalov Most, ialah sebuah jambatan yang merentasi Sungai Miljacka antara kawasan kejiranan Sarajevo, Čengić Vila dan Hrasno.

Ia juga menghubungkan salah satu jalan utama di bandar ini, Bulevar Meše Selimovića, dengan Jalan Gradačačka dan Pusat Bandar Bosmal.

Jambatan ini melambangkan persahabatan antara Malaysia dan Bosnia dan Herzegovina dan dibuka pada 31 Mei 2005 oleh bekas Perdana Menteri Malaysia, Mahathir Mohamad.

Reka bentuk jambatan ini diselia oleh arkitek di Institut IPSA dan didirikan oleh syarikat pembinaan, ŽGP.

Jambatan moden ini mempunyai empat lorong untuk lalu lintas dan dibina selari dengan jambatan pejalan kaki lama, yang dikenali secara tempatan sebagai Treskin Most, yang tidak lagi digunakan.

Malaysia dan Bosnia dan Herzegovina mengekalkan hubungan dua hala yang kukuh, dicirikan oleh kerjasama ekonomi, projek pelaburan dan sokongan sejarah daripada Malaysia dalam pembinaan semula Bosnia. Bidang kerjasama utama termasuk perdagangan, pelaburan, pertahanan dan sektor halal.

Di Bawah Gambar-Gambar:  sebahagian dari projek-projek yang jalan secara kerjasama dengan syarikat syarikat Malaysia.

[Antara Projek-Projek Yang dijayakan dengan Pengusaha2 Malaysia/Bosnia]

[Antara Projek-Projek Yang dijayakan dengan Pengusaha2 Malaysia/Bosnia]

[Antara Projek-Projek Yang dijayakan dengan Pengusaha2 Malaysia/Bosnia]

[Antara Projek-Projek Yang dijayakan dengan Pengusaha2 Malaysia/Bosnia]

Projek Utama dan Kerjasama Ekonomi;

Pelaburan: Pelaburan Malaysia di Bosnia dan Herzegovina melebihi RM160 juta pada awal 2024, tertumpu pada sektor seperti pembangunan hartanah, hotel dan restoran.

Projek Bersama Malaysia-Bosnia (Bosmal): Bank Islam (Labuan) Ltd sebelum ini telah menyediakan pinjaman yang besar untuk projek pembinaan, termasuk Pusat Bandar Bosmal di Sarajevo.

Halal dan Pertanian: Kedua-dua negara bekerjasama rapat dalam sektor pertanian dan halal, dengan tiga bank Islam Malaysia beroperasi di Bosnia sejak 2010.

Infrastruktur: Malaysia telah menunjukkan kesediaan untuk menyertai projek infrastruktur, tenaga dan rangkaian perniagaan, seperti yang diketengahkan pada tahun 2019.

Majlis Perniagaan: Majlis Perniagaan Malaysia-Bosnia dan Herzegovina (MBBC) telah dilancarkan pada tahun 2014 untuk meningkatkan hubungan ekonomi dan mengukuhkan hubungan perniagaan.

Kerjasama Diplomatik dan Sejarah;

Pertahanan dan Latihan: Sejak tahun 2003, Bosnia telah menyertai Program Kerjasama Pertahanan Malaysia, dengan 82 kakitangan dilatih menjelang tahun 2009 dalam bidang seperti pengaman, logistik dan undang-undang PBB.

Sokongan Antarabangsa: Malaysia merupakan penyokong kuat Bosnia-Herzegovina semasa konflik pada tahun 1990-an, secara aktif menentang dasar PBB dan Barat.

Pelancongan: Kedutaan Besar Malaysia di Sarajevo telah giat berusaha untuk meningkatkan hubungan pelancongan, sebagai persediaan untuk Tahun Melawat Malaysia 2026.

Dasar Visa: Warga Bosnia dan Herzegovina tidak memerlukan visa untuk memasuki Malaysia bagi tujuan pelancongan sehingga 3 bulan.

Perkembangan Terkini

Forum 2024: Forum Perniagaan Antarabangsa Malaysia-Bosnia dan Herzegovina 2024 dianjurkan untuk memperkukuh perkongsian ekonomi.

Pertumbuhan Perdagangan: Perdagangan dua hala antara kedua-dua negara meningkat sebanyak 32.2% pada tahun 2023.

Sokongan Diplomatik: Malaysia secara sejarahnya memberikan sokongan diplomatik yang kuat, dengan warga Bosnia sering menganggap Malaysia sebagai rakan utama.

References:

https://sarajevo.travel/en/things-to-do/the-malaysian-bosnian-and-herzegovinian-friendship-bridge/809

https://architectuul.com/architecture/bosmal-city-centrehttps://architectuul.com/architecture/bosmal-city-centre

chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/http://lib.perdana.org.my/PLF/Digital_Content/Prominent_Leaders/Mahathir/News_1968-2004/1996-1998/1996aj/econstructing%20bosnia.pdf